Small single-phase gasoline generator sets are indispensable equipment for mobile films in rural, urban, mountainous and pastoral areas. At the same time, it can also be used as emergency power supply or flow power supply for communication, lighting, medical treatment and household appliances. Therefore, the manufacture and development of small gasoline generators occupy a certain position in the national economy.

The principle and characteristics of the generators currently produced and being developed in China are briefly described as follows.

One has a structure generator.

1. The magnetic compound compound excitation single-phase synchronous generator has a simple structure. Compared with the phase compound excitation type, it can save heavy phase shift components and transformers, etc. It is widely used in small-capacity single-phase synchronous generators. This structure is used in gasoline generators LD -75, JD_-75, DF750, DF1000 and other models for movies. Its principle is shown in Figure I when there is no load, the remanence is used to induce a potential in the armature secondary winding wo. Rectifier supplies no-load excitation winding w, and when self-excited load is realized, the electric pick-up is rolled up to supply Zheng load compensation winding wH-. In order to compensate for the effect of the electric pick reaction and the full impedance of the electric pick, so that the terminal voltage is basically stable. The platform adjusts the number of turns of the main winding w, the saturation degree of the coup motor, and changes the number of turns of the compensation winding w. By changing the degree of compensation, better performance indicators such as voltage regulation rate (about 5) and efficiency can be obtained.

2: Fortunately, the silicon controlled direct Langzhan single-phase synchronous generator 0.7 "SGF1 gasoline generator adopts this structure, and its reason is shown in the figure. The advantages of this structure are good steady-state voltage regulation rate, which can reach ± J ~ ± 3, convenient voltage setting and good temperature compensation. The disadvantage is that the electronic circuit is complex, the voltage transition has a moth mouth, and the radio interference is large.

3 Reverse sequence compensation single-phase synchronous generator This generator uses the reverse seven-border field in the single-phase motor to simplify the structure of the motor. Its principle is shown in Figure 3. Its stator core slot consists of except the main winding W of the generator. There is also an auxiliary winding we. The f5 set of rotor magnetic poles is wound with excitation winding L and reverse sequence compensation winding W. When the generator is unloaded, the rotor residual magnetic field cuts the stator auxiliary winding W and induces a residual magnetic potential in the winding. After rectification, this potential is supplied to the excitation winding to generate the excitation magnetic potential well and the excitation magnetic potential is superimposed. Such repeated enhancement, so that the generator to establish no-load voltage.

After the generator is loaded. There is a current through the stator main winding. In a single-phase motor, the reverse sequence magnetic field generated by a stator current can be decomposed into two rotating magnetic fields in two directions, namely, the positive sequence magnetic field and the reverse sequence magnetic field. The positive sequence magnetic field steering is the same as the rotor steering, and the two are relatively stationary. Its effect is the same as the armature reaction of a three-phase synchronous generator, producing a demagnetization effect when an inductive resistive load is applied. The reverse sequence magnetic field induces a 2-fold frequency potential in the reverse sequence compensation winding on the rotor. This potential is also added to both ends of the rotor field winding after rectification, but its function is to strengthen the main magnetic field and compensate the armature reaction and stator impedance. The role. So that the generator voltage stability.

4. The phase compound excitation of the orange compound excitation single-phase synchronous generator has the forms of reactance phase shift type, capacitor resonance type, resistance force, etc. The principle of common reactance phase-shifted single-phase synchronous generator is shown in Figure 4 (such as 5GFi2 single-phase synchronous generator is this structure). The advantage is that the line is relatively simple and reliable. Low exhaustion. Low radio interference. Spike state pressure regulating vehicle can reach soil 3 ~

5. The disadvantage is large volume. Bulky. The temperature obituary is shameful, and the efficiency of the excitation device is poor. Only 65 ~ 7O%. 5. Harmonic excitation single-phase synchronous generator ST series single-phase synchronous generator adopts third harmonic excitation. The route is shown in Figure 5. W.:l pivot main winding evenly [1w,: reef winding_lW harmonic winding from 【. The advantage of this generator is that the circuit is simple and reliable. The excitation device is small in size. Low cost. The disadvantage is that the pressure regulation rate is poor (only about 7 soil). Voltage setting is difficult. Process dispersion.

6. double winding reactance shunt single-phase synchronous generator double winding reactance shunt is performed by three-phase motor and poison 1 its principle is shown in fig. 6.

This structure is characterized by a simple and reliable circuit, the motor has a phase complex excitation characteristics.

2. brushless structure generator

Brushless single-phase synchronous generator with current exciter brushless; Electric passenger reverse sequence magnetic field; Stator DC force brushless excitation; And permanent magnet type, claw pole type, induction sub-type and other structures. J. Brushless single-phase synchronous generator with AC exciter excitation This structure is derived from a three-phase motor. The DFI500 gasoline generator produced by Shandong Film Machinery Factory adopts this structure. Its principle is shown in Figure 7. Since its exciter is excited by the gasoline engine magneto, the excitation regulation of the exciter with this structure can reliably establish voltage regardless of whether the motor has remanence or not. Voltage regulator and harmonic winding regulation can also be used, and the exciter can also be three-phase.

It is characterized in that the AC exciter and the main generator are only electrically connected, the generator design and adjustment are convenient, and the voltage regulation rate can reach soil l ~ 3% with a controllable voltage regulator. The disadvantage is that the motor structure is complicated and the external size is large. price is expensive

2. Capacitive Reverse Sequence Magnetic Field Brushless Single-phase Synchronous Generator In order to simplify the structure of brushless motor, we have developed a capacitive reverse sequence magnetic self-excitation constant voltage brushless single-phase synchronous generator in cooperation with East Film Machinery Factory, which adopts salient pole structure. Its principle is shown in Figure 8.

When there is no load, the current induced by the remanent magnetization in the capacitor winding generates a pulse magnetic potential, and its positive sequence magnetic potential acts as a magnetic aid. The negative sequence magnetic potential induces a frequency doubling potential in the excitation winding and rectifies it for excitation, thus establishing a negative elbow of the no-load voltage. The reverse sequence magnetic potential increases, and the frequency doubling potential and excitation current in the excitation winding also increase accordingly to compensate for the influence of load armature reaction and leakage impedance on the terminal voltage. The structure of the motor is simple. It is easy to excite, small in size, light in weight and high in efficiency. The University of Technology of Taiwan Fertilizer has developed a board-shaped structure (as shown in Figure 9), which can also directly connect the capacitor to both ends of the load winding. Such as DF300 type film with gasoline generator uses this structure is more complex than the salient pole structure, but the terminal voltage waveform is better.

3. Stator DC reverse sequence magnetic field brushless single-phase synchronous generator this excitation mode is generally the same as the pivot pole type. It may be a hidden pole structure or a salient pole structure. The rotor windings have different types of wiring. The principle is equivalent to a double pole exciter and the main generator mounted on the same core, and the reverse compensation winding compensation. Its characteristic is that the structure of the generator is simpler than that of the brushless motor with AC exciter. Compared with the capacitor, the capacitor can be used. The disadvantage is that the load withstand voltage waveform is poor, the efficiency is low, and the noise is large. The winding is more complex.